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The Future of Breast Cancer Treatment

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Breast cancer is the second-most common form of cancer in women with 13% expected to develop the disease at some time in their life. Breast cancer can also happen to men — though it makes up for 1% or less of all breast cancer diagnoses.

October marks Breast Cancer Awareness Month, the ideal time to not only remind women about the importance of annual mammograms and self-examinations but to also take a closer look at the progress being made in treatments — all of which are helping breast cancer patients live longer and better lives while offering hope for the future.

Newer, More Effective Treatments

Several new medications have been approved for patients diagnosed with both early and late stages of breast cancer. One such treatment is immunotherapy, which helps the body’s immune system identify and destroy cancer cells.

In clinical trials, immunotherapy has yielded positive results and demonstrated increased response rates in patients with both early and late stages of breast cancer. Immunotherapy is approved for patients with advanced triple-negative cancer, which often grows and spreads faster than other types of breast cancer. Treatment options for triple-negative patients have been limited in the past, making the approval of immunotherapy an exciting breakthrough.

Hormonal therapy, which targets the estrogen receptor, and subsequently, the most common type of breast cancer, can be used before or after surgery, reducing the risk of breast cancer recurrence by approximately 50%. Hormone therapy, either alone or in combination with targeted therapies, is also highly effective in the treatment of late-stage breast cancer.

Targeted therapies are developed when researchers identify what causes a tumor to mutate, such as certain proteins that are present or overproduced in cancer cells compared with healthy cells, and then develop a treatment to stop that mutation. Targeted therapies against the HER2 protein, present in 15%-20% of breast cancers, significantly reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence and improve overall survival in both early and late stages of disease.  Clinical trials demonstrate that targeted therapies significantly reduce the risk of cancer progression and lead to an increased response rate when given in combination with standard therapies or compared with standard therapies.

The Future of Cancer Treatment

Precision medicine refers to treatment based on the genetic understanding of a patient’s disease.

With precision medicine, doctors can use information about a patient’s own genes or tumor mutations to assist with the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In a patient who has been diagnosed with breast cancer, precision medicine helps to determine whether certain targeted therapies and immunotherapy will be beneficial in their treatment.

Not only can precision medicine help doctors put together very specific plans that often lead to a more accurate diagnosis and more effective cancer treatment, but it can also let a patient know if they are a high risk for developing breast cancer. Having this knowledge allows for a proactive approach to early detection, which includes more frequent and better screening tests.

The Benefits of Community-based Treatment

At Messino Cancer Centers, we use the most up-to-date approved treatments including hormonal-based therapies, chemotherapies, immunotherapies and targeted therapies, and offer patients access to a robust list of clinical-based trials. We have many support services available to our patients including social and behavioral therapy, a cancer-specific dietitian and a care management team.  We also offer the DigniCap Cooling System, which has been clinically proven to help prevent hair loss from certain chemotherapy treatments.

Because we are a community-based practice, our patients don’t have to worry about traveling out of the area for treatment and are able to stay close to their support system of family and friends. It also allows our nurses and physicians to create strong, trustful relationships with our patients, who feel less like a number and more like an individual who is truly cared for.

The strong support of a community-based staff coupled with exciting therapeutic treatment advances give breast cancer patients more hope than ever in their quest to live happier, healthier and longer lives.

GI Cancer: The Promise of Targeted Therapies

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Targeted therapy offers a new hope for cancer patients and opens the door for the development of new treatment strategies for patients who carry certain genetic mutations in their tumors.

One condition treated effectively with targeted therapies is gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), the most common type of sarcoma which occurs when abnormal cells grow in the gastrointestinal track. With July recognized as Sarcoma Awareness Month and July 13th as GIST Awareness Day, it’s the ideal time to draw attention to the growing body of evidence suggesting that GIST tumors—which don’t respond well to chemotherapy or radiation—can be treated effectively with targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

All cells in the body are regulated by DNA that controls cell growth. Cancer cells typically have DNA mutations—changes in the normal DNA—that can cause rapid and unregulated growth of the cancer cells, leading tumors to grow and spread to various organs.

Specific mutations have been identified as main drivers for growth in GIST tumors. Targeted therapies combat these mutations by blocking the molecules that allow tumors to grow. TKIs can treat the tumors effectively or shrink them enough that surgery becomes an option. This approach precisely targets mutations that are predominantly present in cancer cells and offers a new way to control cancer cells without significantly affecting normal cells.

Our physicians at the Zangmeister Cancer Center strive to provide patients who have certain genetic mutations with access to clinical trials that include new targeted therapies. This is done by gathering information on the patient’s personal and family history of cancer. We then biopsy the tumor and send the tissue sample to a lab for genetic analysis. The results are then carefully reviewed to determine if targeted therapy—some of which are FDA approved while others are part of clinical trials—may be effective. This is an alternative to the more conventional “one-size-fits-all” approach to treatment and helps sidestep the cost and side effects associated with treatments that may not work on certain mutations.

This approach continues to evolve, and most likely will help increase the number of targetable mutations and available targeted therapies available to patients over the next years. This is an exciting time to be treating cancer, implementing new therapies that will lead to even more new tools for success.